How did the relations between science and philosophy evolve during the 17th and 18th centuries? Dutch Cartesianism and the Birth of Philosophy of Science (PDF) evaluate this subject by considering the history of Cartesianism in Dutch universities, and its legacy in the 18th century. It considers how the disciplines of metaphysics and logic became functional to the justification and reflection on the conceptual premises and the approaches of natural philosophy, transforming their customary roles as the science of being and as the art of reasoning. This alteration took place as a consequence of two factors. First, metaphysics and logic (which included rational theology) were used to grant indubitable knowledge of natural philosophy. Second, the debates internal to Cartesianism, along with the emergence of alternative philosophical world-views (such as those of Spinoza, Hobbes, the experimental science, and Newtonianism) progressively deprived such disciplines of their foundational function, and they began to become forms of reflection over given scientific practices, either Cartesian, experimental or Newtonian.
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